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Sanatana Dharma’s Divisive Impact on India’s Unity

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India, often referred to as the “Land of Diversity,” is a country known for its rich tapestry of cultures, religions, and traditions. At the heart of this complexity is Sanatana Dharma, often called Hinduism, which has played a significant role in shaping India’s identity. While it’s essential to acknowledge the unifying aspects of Sanatana Dharma, it’s equally important to understand how this ancient belief system has, at times, contributed to divisions within the nation.

Sanatana Dharma, an apt term for describing the rich tapestry of spiritual and ethical traditions in India, exhibits an impressive array of beliefs and practices. Within its embrace, one can explore a wide spectrum of philosophical schools, intricate rituals, revered deities, and nuanced interpretations. This inherent diversity has nurtured the growth of numerous sects and sub-sects within the broader umbrella of Hinduism. While it underscores India’s inclusive cultural heritage, this diversity can, at times, lead to divisions among its followers.

One of the most significant divisions perpetuated by Sanatana Dharma is the caste system. Though not exclusively a religious institution, it has deep-rooted ties to Hinduism. This rigid hierarchy, with its social and economic implications, has caused social inequalities and discrimination for centuries. Despite legal efforts to eradicate the caste system, it still persists in many parts of India, dividing the population along caste lines.

Under the expansive umbrella of Sanatana Dharma, a multitude of sects and sub-sects thrive. These distinct groups offer unique interpretations of sacred scriptures, rituals, and traditions. While this diversity can be enriching, it has occasionally given rise to sectarian conflicts and rivalries, creating fissures within communities and regions.

India stands as a testament to its religious pluralism, hosting not just a thriving Hindu population but also substantial communities of Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, and various others. While many Indians live together in harmony, there are instances of religious tensions and conflicts that sporadically erupt, often driven by extremist elements within different religious groups. The historical encounters of Sanatana Dharma with other faiths have, on occasion, played a role in exacerbating these divisions.

While Sanatana Dharma itself is not inherently intolerant, some of its adherents have, at times, displayed a sense of religious exclusivity. This exclusivity can manifest in various forms, including the denigration of other faiths and the assertion of Hinduism as superior. Such attitudes can create tensions with religious minorities, leading to feelings of alienation and division. The reverence for the cow in Sanatana Dharma has led to controversies surrounding cow protection and the consumption of beef. These issues have occasionally resulted in violence and social divisions along religious lines.

Sanatana Dharma has sometimes been manipulated for political purposes, leading to further divisions. Politicians have used religious rhetoric and symbols to garner support, often exploiting the sensitivities surrounding religious identity. This has led to polarisation and unrest, impacting the unity of the nation.

It is important to emphasise that while Sanatana Dharma has played a role in some of these divisions, it is not the sole factor responsible for India’s complexities. India’s pluralistic society has various elements at play, including historical, cultural, and political factors, which collectively contribute to its diversity and occasional divisions.

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Business

Vanessa Kirby Personifies Sarah Burton’s Givenchy at the Fall 2025 Show

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Vanessa Kirby made a striking appearance at Sarah Burton’s highly anticipated inaugural Givenchy runway show for Fall 2025, embodying the essence of the designer’s vision. As a longtime admirer of Burton’s work, the Fantastic Four: First Steps star was eager to witness the debut collection in Paris.

“I really wanted to be here in Paris for Sarah’s first show,” Kirby expressed with enthusiasm. “Sarah has been my favorite designer for years. I absolutely love everything she does—I think she’s a master. She designs clothes truly for women—always extraordinary, feline, and structured in a way that makes you feel so empowered.”

Having collaborated with Burton throughout her tenure at Alexander McQueen, Kirby’s presence at the show was a testament to their ongoing creative synergy. Dressed in a sleek black ensemble with sharp shoulders and a plunging V-neck, Kirby’s outfit embodied Burton’s signature aesthetic: a balance of strength and femininity. “The dress we chose felt very classic—the shape felt architectural and strong, but also daytime and relaxed,” she noted.

Following the intimate runway presentation, Kirby joined an exclusive gathering of fashion and film’s elite at a celebratory dinner honoring Burton’s Givenchy debut. Among the attendees were Rooney Mara, Gwendoline Christie, Raye, Alex Consani, and Yseult, all raising a toast to the designer’s new chapter.

Reflecting on the experience, Kirby shared her admiration for the energy of Paris Fashion Week. “I associate Paris with the amazing shows that happen every year. The shows themselves feel like a real reveal—seeing what Sarah has been working on for months for her first Givenchy collection. Everyone was so excited to see her vision.”

With Burton’s Givenchy era now officially underway, Kirby’s presence at the event was a fitting tribute to the designer’s ability to craft powerful, empowering fashion for the modern woman.

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Entertainment

Paris Fashion Week, Day Three: Poise and Manners in Motion

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The third day of Paris Fashion Week saw designers exploring the intricate relationship between gestures and clothing, emphasizing how fashion is not just about what we wear but also how we wear it. Collections from Tom Ford, Dries Van Noten, and Courrèges examined the power of poise, movement, and expression in shaping the narrative of style.

Tom Ford: Seductive Refinement

At Tom Ford, the runway exuded understated sensuality with structured silhouettes, slinky fabrics, and sharp tailoring. The collection celebrated the way garments move with the body, emphasizing controlled elegance and effortless allure. The balance between precision and fluidity played a key role in defining the brand’s signature poise.

Dries Van Noten: The Art of Subtle Motion

Dries Van Noten explored grace in everyday movements, showcasing fluid draping, asymmetry, and layered textures that interacted beautifully with body language. Models glided down the runway in sheer overlays, deconstructed tailoring, and muted tones, creating an atmosphere of quiet sophistication.

Courrèges: A Futuristic Take on Gesture

At Courrèges, the focus was on modern minimalism and futuristic silhouettes that adapted to movement. With high collars, sculptural cuts, and sleek monochromes, the collection emphasized how posture and poise can transform a garment. The interplay between rigid and flowing elements created a striking contrast, reinforcing the theme of fashion as an extension of personal expression.

Final Thoughts: Fashion as a Language of Movement

Day three of Paris Fashion Week proved that style is more than aesthetics—it’s about the way clothing interacts with the body and the world around it. From structured confidence at Tom Ford to fluid elegance at Dries Van Noten and futuristic sophistication at Courrèges, each collection redefined the poise and manners of fashion in its own unique way.

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Business

Rabanne Fall/Winter 2025: A 1960s Beauty Revival

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Rabanne’s Fall/Winter 2025 show was a glamorous throwback to 1960s Paris, with big bouffant hair and bold, smoky eyes dominating the runway. The iconic French-girl aesthetic was on full display, blending vintage inspiration with modern edge.

The Makeup: Statement Eyes & Subtle Rebellion

Rabanne Beauty’s creative director, Diane Kendal, crafted a striking yet effortless makeup look that channeled icons like Brigitte Bardot and Catherine Deneuve. Models wore slightly winged, waterline eyeliner and taupe-hued smoky eyeshadow, smudged across the lids and under the eyes for a soft but dramatic effect.

Kendal, known for pushing beauty boundaries, chose to highlight natural skin while focusing on bold eye makeup—a subtle rebellion against the typical all-over glam seen on high-fashion runways. This “done-yet-undone” style perfectly complemented Rabanne’s flamboyant fabrics, sparkles, and sequins.

Hair: The Return of the Bouffant

Fluffy, voluminous bouffants were the crowning statement of the show. The models’ teased, combed-back hair added a touch of vintage glamour, reinforcing the collection’s nostalgic yet playfully modern feel.

Rabanne’s Beauty Revolution

Rabanne Beauty continues to redefine makeup with gender-neutral, statement-making products. The runway featured some of its standout offerings, including:

Shimmer Bomb – An all-over glitter spray for an extra dose of Rabanne’s signature glitz.

Top Coat Mascara – A silver and gold formula that gave lashes a tinsel-like effect.

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